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Spelling Rules

How do I know when to double the consonant when I'm adding a suffix (-ed, -ing, -est, -er)?
 
You double the final consonant if you answer "YES!" to these 3 questions...
 
1) Does the word have 1 syllable (1 clap)?
2) Does the word have a short vowel sound?
3) Does the word end in a final consonant?
 
Examples
Words we double: running, clapped
 
Words we don't double:
jumped (ends in 2 consonants)
boiling, baking (not a short vowels)